Leader Ship vs Management - 1148 Words

Leadership VS Management Introduction There is the age old question of what is the difference between a manager and a leader? Most people will say that you can’t be a manager without being a leader. Leadership and management are an ongoing development.This search for the characteristics or traits of leaders has been ongoing for centuries. Some people believe they go hand in hand and some believe they are two complete different things. This continues development had resulted in many different theories over the centuries. In this paper we will discuss in detail, the most common and recent theories and what each one means as well as well as what is it that leaders and managers do, can leaders and managers be one in the same. I will†¦show more content†¦- the British academic Reg Revens, creator of action learning: L = P + Q ([L] Learning occurs through a combination of programmed knowledge [P] and the ability to ask insightful questions [Q]) 1964 - Management Grid Robert Blake and Jane Mouton develop a management model that conceptualizes management styles and relations. Their Grid uses two axis. Concern for people is plotted using the vertical axis and Concern for task is along the horizontal axis. The notion that just two dimensions can describe a managerial behavior has the attraction of simplicity. 1978 - Performance Technology Tom Gilbert publishes Human Competence: Engineering Worthy Performance. It describes the behavioral-engineering model which become the bible of performance technology. Gilbert wrote that accomplishment specification is the only logical way to define performance requirements. Accomplishments are the best starting points for developing performance standards. In addition, accomplishments are the best tools for the development of performance-based job descriptions as they allow management to describe the measurement that is important to the organization, specific to the position, and observable 1978 – Excellence 1990 - Learning Organization Peter Senge popularized the Learning Organization in The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization. He describes the organization as an organism with the capacity to enhance itsShow MoreRelatedSituational Leadership Theory1119 Words   |  5 PagesSituational Leadership Theory Since there is no special or one precise type of leader, numerous leadership styles and theories have surfaced. This is because a different situations require different type of leadership styles. In many occasions, leadership theories help to predict the best leadership style to employ in a particular situation. This essay seeks explain why situational leadership theory is useful and relevant in developing an effective leadership culture. It is this writers hope thatRead MoreMis Carnival762 Words   |  4 PagesThe Carnival Cruise Lines case focuses on how Carnival Cruise Lines should strategically exploit enterprise systems and available customer data to perpetuate its success. Specifically, it focuses on the role that Customer Relationship Management (CRM) can play in organizational strategy.   Case Questions: 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Highlight the key characteristics of Carnival Cruises competitive environment (e.g., major competitors, market position, customers and distribution channels, threat of new entrants, threatRead MoreThe Importance Of Managers Have Subordinates And Their Power Over Other Than Formal Authority Essay982 Words   |  4 Pagesa misnomer and their power over others is other than formal authority. Authoritarian, transactional style Managers have a position of authority vested in them by the company, and their subordinates work for them and largely do as they are told. Management style is transactional, in that, the manager tells the subordinate what to do, and the subordinate does this not because they are a blind robot, but because they have been promised a reward for doing so. Work focus Managers are being paid to getRead MoreLeadership, Management, And Management1383 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership and management are different. Leadership is the position a person holds as an administrative leader such as CEO-Chief Executive Officer. Management is the act of managing a business which consists of a body of people in positions of administrative authority. Business management consists of officers, directors and other people who have authority of the business operation, organizations, duties, and work to be done. In management, emphasis is on delivering high quality products and servicesRead MoreAnalysis Of Two Different Erp Systems1730 Words   |  7 PagesMicrosoft products (Microsoft office, SharePoint, Outlook) making business operations easier and more efficient (Microsoft, 2017). Dynamics AX is targeted for businesses that have more than 200 users. This ERP supports business analysis and change management tools allowing easy transition between business applications and IT infrastructure. However, Microsoft AX requires more installation and maintenance time than other products from the group (TVison, 2017). Dynamics NAV is primary used for financeRead MoreLeadership Theory Vs. Leadership2040 Words   |  9 Pagesdecision making of a leader. Whereas leader ship in practice is decision making of a leader in an unpredictable world. This paper is all about the compare and contrasts between Leadership Theory versus Leadership Practice, give my personal opinion on this topic and come to a conclusion if Leadership Theory and Leadership Practice are same always or they are different sometimes. According to Lussier and Achua (2012) there is a leader in everyone and everyone plays a role of a leader. In practical lifeRead MoreCASE STUDY FEDEX VS UPS1461 Words   |  6 PagesCASE STUDY FEDEX VS UPS VS HYDER MUNAVER 29-MAR-05 The Introduction: In todays fast moving world delivery of packages, parcels, documents, goods in a timely and guaranteed manner is of absolute importance. With the fast moving trend of online businesses, auctions etc.. The need for fast and reliable package delivery is growing. The logistics industry has received globally, a lot of publicity regarding the industrys attitudes on, and actions in, corporate responsibility issues. The differentRead MoreLearning Summary : Presence By Susan Fiske And Peter Glick1782 Words   |  8 Pagestrust. To build teams with a common goal a trustworthy leader can have greater influence and effectiveness to the commitment of the team goal. Trust leads to better communication, ability to inspire, influence, and create real change. One of my personal greatest challenges is working on trusting others. If I as an individual am seeking the trust of others, I myself, must learn to trust others first in order to become a highly effective leader. Sir Shackleton is another example of leadership in aRead MoreThe Theory Of Leadership And Management1751 Words   |  8 PagesUp to this time, there are a lot who mix-up between the concepts of leadership and management interchangeably. Furthermore, some may regard and consider the manager as a leader and conversely leader as a manager. This equivocation has along and illustrious history in leadership studies as it’s a concept has accompanied humanity since the ancient time. Beside the concept of management has been nearly created a few decades ago, which encouraged scientists permanent research and thinking of the importanceRead MorePirates of Globalization672 Words   |  3 PagesCAST STUDY NO.2 PIRATES OF GLOBALIZATION Presented to Professor (Dr.) Joseph F. Aiyeku MB 616: International Business Management. By Group No.2 1. What actions con companies and governments take to ensure that products cannot be easily pirates? Be specific. Answer: For example of garments products of Tommy Hilfiger; there are three categories for man, woman and children wears Products for man; Sport wear, Tailored, Underwear, Bags and eyewear Products for woman;

Essay about The Key Change Needed for an Alcohic to Recover

The spiritual experience is about the personality change that occurs in mind of an alcoholic. This change is the ultimate key that unlocks the door to recovery. Additionally, the appendix describes how the process of recovery is paved with religious experiences. It is believed that a religious experience must be sudden or spectacular. However, the appendix states that everyones experience is personal and unique. However, this is a very difficult experience to embrace. This is the very element that forces alcoholics to finally confront and overcome their inner demons. Alcoholics hopeless attempts to control his/her addictive behavior are made more difficult by his/her inability to become spiritually available. This phenomenon is very†¦show more content†¦It is this very power that makes the journey towards living a sober life a little more comfortable. Therapists also have to reframe an addicts psychological state to improve his/her concepts and ideas about accepting a Great er power. Additionally, a therapist can remind alcoholics that this greater forgives and provides sanity at all times. In addition to mastering these skills a therapist must also motivate an addict to find and use his/her personal form of spiritual guidance. This journey of seeking serenity could lead an addict to a state of clarity, understanding, and spiritual awakening. Integration of concepts. As a potential therapist who may work with addicts it will be important for me to first understand the importance of the 12-step program. Understanding the power and resources that Alcoholics Anonymous provides for addicts will it will help me to understand my scope of practice when working with an alcoholic. To further add, by working with a client who is actively participating in a meeting it can help with breaking through resistance barriers. The support that a client gains from group members can help foster spiritual growth. Understanding an addicts spiritual beliefs, I can be better accepting of his/her level of autonomy. This level of acceptance can be enhancing through self-disclosure as well. A therapist can use tools of validation and instillation of hope to lessen the clients chances of regressing. In

Redneck Recording Process Free Essays

How do you record a song? Hmm, well that’s easy. It’s easy if you follow the three steps, of the Redneck Recording Process. First we jam or play what we feel like playing. We will write a custom essay sample on Redneck Recording Process or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jamming is a very unstructured thing. Jamming usually consists of playing the old â€Å"guit-fiddle† or (guitar by its normal name), having a good time, watching movies and talking shop. Second we take the song we wrote and set up the Rednek Recording Studio (, Misspelled on purpose. ) And finally we’ll put it on to tape. Mix it, master it, and finally burn it to CD. This makes it easier to sell. So now lets record â€Å"Brew Drinkin-Hell Raisers† to tape. The first step in the Redneck Recording Process is to jam out. My friend comes over and we just start playing. After about thirty minutes to an hour of playing and shop talk we usually have a riff (Musical Melody for the guitar) to work off of for the song. Most of the time this will end up being the bridge or the chorus. After the riff is placed in the song. Well start working out the other parts of the song. Because were both guitarists we’ll figure out the other parts of the song later. After another fifteen to forty minutes we basically have the song’s guitar parts and vocal melodies worked out. When hitting out the vocals, I usually like to Shoot from the hip. So Chris plays the riff while I start singing words. This part is usually pretty funny cause like Ozzy Osbourne; I usually just sing random words. Sometimes it takes three hours other times it takes three days. After we’ve got the Melody, I’ve usually got a basic idea were the lyrics are going. It usually takes me some time to get down some lyrics that work for the song. Ok now that the guitars and vocals are worked out, well take the song to the bass player. He listens awhile to the song gives us some ideas, Then he makes the bass lines for â€Å"Brew Drinkin-Hell Raisers†. Then the drummer does the same. After all the parts are finished. We will re-hearse â€Å"BDHR† until we have it down right. â€Å"Brew Drinkin-Hell Raisers† is now ready to be taken to Rednek Rekording Studio, or RRS for short to record it. Rednek Recording Studio is also known as a house. Just to let you know, this paragraph is filled with products and descriptions of them to futher your knowledge of recording. Ok, the song is firing on all cylinders, so lets set up the studio. First we will get the gear we need, so we’ll go to a rental company such as Rock Roll Rentals. First off the mixing board, for this well use the Behringer MX2642A Euro rack to a Tascam DA-P1 DAT recorder. (DAT is short for Digital Audio Tape). Ok we now have the base of RRS, for the rest of the Studio Equipment, I’ll just explain the instrument, amp, and microphone used to capture their sound. The rhythm guitar is a Gibson Les Paul Custom running through a Lee Jackson XLA-1000 Amplifier dry. Dry is a term meaning no effects are added to the signal (sound) till after the recording. To record it we are going to â€Å"close mic† or put the mic right next to the speaker cabinet so we get as little atmosphere as possible. The mic I chose is a Shure SM-57 to give it a nice flat sound which is easier to mix. We’ll get to the mixing later. For the Lead guitar were using another Gibson Les Paul Custom. The Paul is going dry into a Marshall JCM 800 to a close mic’d SM-57. So they can hear what’s going on with the rest of the band Ill hook up some monitors (speakers). Now we have the guitars done, so lets move to the â€Å"thump and the bump† of the ensemble. The drum set is Tama Star Classic Trap Set similar to the one used by Lars Ulrich of Metallica. To mic this were going to use four mics. First one is for the snare, once again were using a SM-57, Boy those really seem to be popular. The second is for the Kick drum we’ll try the AKG D112 microphone. The final two mics are the overheads, for these well employ the AKG C-418’s. The Drums are now set up in a separate room with some head phones to hear the other band members. Lets move onto the bass; He’s going to use an Ernie Ball Stingray bass to a Galien Krueger 2001RB mic’d by a once again a SM-57. Since the bass is in the same room as the guitars, he can hear whats going on. Last we just have to get the vocals. For this well set up in the shower with headphones and an AKG tube (a vacuum Tube) mic for that tube warmth. Whew finally RRS is set up and ready to Rock. Well, we are cocked, locked and ready to rock! Lets get started on recording. With all our mics, monitors, and headphones are hooked up, were going to get a few practice takes in. After we’re all in the same groove, we’re going to lay it down for real. After about seven takes we’ve probably got the best were going to get. So we start mixing. First the producer and the artists, who in this case are the same people, start listening to the takes. So I don’t get bogged down in techno mumble-jumbo again, let’s say we all nailed it on the same take. Now were going to mix it. Basically sound is a 3D ball that has to be assembled. Mixing assembles this ball by cutting and boosting frequencies, volume and adding effects. So â€Å"BD-HR† is now mixed perfectly, so were going to burn this onto a cd. So the song is now on tape and cd which will make it much more accessible for fans. We have been through the three very tedious yet enjoyable steps of the Redneck Recording Process. First I, told you about the jam session, which can only be described not explained. Secondly I gave you the set up of the RRS used to record the song. The third step recording the song. Sorry for the over technical second paragraph, but all of the tools are instrumental to making the record sound right. So hopefully the process and point of this paper got through. If It did, you know what the RRS is, and how to apply it to your own situation. How to cite Redneck Recording Process, Essays

Risks free essay sample

Every dream starts with taking a first step. It’s a step that crosses that fine line between comfort and risk. And in the end, it always pays off. My dream is simple—to help the lonely and hurt whose lives are plagued by uncertainty and depression. School is the perfect place for such a dream to be accomplished. I am blessed that I was able to grasp what all of high school could offer and I felt that it was my obligation and privilege to spread this blessing. The first day of school of my last year in high school was coming to an exciting end. I made a promise to myself before school started stating that I would meet at least one new person everyday. I ended up meeting ten. However, I hadn’t taken any risk or steps into the dream I set out for myself each year coming into high school. We will write a custom essay sample on Risks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I made myself available that day to students who were already socially active in their lives and forgotten about the ones whom I promised to help—the depressed and lonely. As I sat there during my off period, I pondered about the wasted opportunities I had that day to lend a hand, to strike a conversation, or even to say a little hello to those poor kids who wished school never existed. Suddenly, my daydreaming became reality. A short, pudgy kid with a brilliant, gargantuan red afro slowly walked right across me looking confused and lost. The door was opened right in front of me and it was up to me to take that first step through and reach out. Doubts clouded my mind, worries about my image flashed in my mind, but at that moment I boldly whispered to myself, â€Å"take a risk† and I did. I carefully and confidently reached out my hand and introduced myself. An intimidated and almost scared face peeked back at me and whispered, â€Å"My name is Ceres.† Ceres tu rned out to be a freshman who couldn’t find his 5th period class without any friends who he could call or ask for help. I remember looking into his freckled face and feeling as though I was carrying all his anxieties, stress, and uncertainty. As I guided him to his class, I probed some more information out and we got comfortable with one another. When we finally reached the entrance to his classroom I told him to call me if he ever needed anything. I tried to put myself in his shoes thinking how awkward and weird it must be for some stranger to suddenly give out his phone number and offer help. But I also knew he was smiling deep inside his heart that he had finally made a friend whom he can depend on. Ceres and I continued to build our relationship and to this day, it amazes me how much a person can change when one simply offers his/her hand. The dark and depressed face that I first encountered that day now glowed positively and with hope. We promised each other that we wou ld continue spreading this love to others and keeping my dream for the lonely alive. Before I met Ceres, my eyes were only open to people who were like me—ambitious, happy, and joyful. However, I learned that there was another world outside of mine. It’s a world that advocates loneliness and hurt, floating above school campuses. I promised myself that Ceres would not be the only kid I was going to â€Å"save† from this darkness and that I would continue taking risks in spreading this love. This experience helped me realize just how easy it really is to help a person. I just had to take a risk, make that first step, and keep that vision and dream of mine ahead of me. I hope to help many more Ceres’ in the future. Risks free essay sample â€Å"Damn it!† My dad was right and I know it, but it’s too late now. I’m stuck on a rock face in Wales, one mile into the Sawdde Gorge. I’m determined to make it to the top, not just because I want to, but because I have no choice. My hand slips as I grab for the wet rock above me. Bad idea. I glance at the bottom of the rocky gorge 50 feet below. Looking for the next moss-covered rock to grab, I wonder, Am I really the risk-taker I think I am? Had I not taken risks in that Welsh gorge, I may have never gotten out in one piece. Far too often, I’ve heard stories about people who reach the end of their lives and regret that they never took chances, challenged life, or tried anything beyond their routine. I vowed not to become one of these people and have lived my life accordingly. We will write a custom essay sample on Risks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When I was nine, my father pulled me into the basement away from my mother and gave me the choice of  ­going to a six-week summer camp or staying home with my friends. I chose to go to camp, even though I had never been away from home or my parents. I took the risk to try something new without knowing what would happen. This was a major turning point in my life. For the five years that followed, I attended Culver Summer Camps, which led me to my place in the world today, Culver Military Academy. At this boarding school, I am learning to take risks and to prepare for them mentally, physically, and emotion ­ally. When students formed a rugby club during freshman year, I signed up, even though I knew little about it except that games are violent and injuries are common. My dad  ­always tells me, â€Å"Try not to break a bone. Don’t take unnecessary risks.† But on the rugby field, that’s exactly what it takes to win. My stance is set on our own 20- ­meter line with 10 minutes left in the match. The noise of the crowd, muffled at first, then deafening, puts my senses in overdrive. I’m in charge and I have to make a choice, have to take a risk that can lead to loss or victory. I â€Å"wormburner† the ball, kicking it so that it tumbles quickly down the field and over our opponents’ heads. That’s not my first choice, but it’s the only one that gets the ball beyond their defense. My risk does not work as I had expected. The ball bounces out of bounds leading to a scrum by the other team. The formation is a beautiful sight – the purest sense of the word â€Å"meeting.† Each team forms a unified battering ram that looks similar to a Roman Legion’s tortoise formation. The ball comes out on our side, and we move it to the try-line, scoring five points for our team. My risk-taking is not limited to rock climbing and rugby pitches. I am one of eight students pursuing a Project in Science Research Honors. In this elite class, students create their own curri ­cula and complete research on something never before explored. Within the class, students decided to research the effect of sound waves on plant growth, or whether making ethanol from leaves is productive. But I wanted to do something new and exciting, something beyond anything I’d done before – I wanted to make a bike propelled by both permanent magnets and electromagnets. As Malcolm Forbes says, â€Å"The people who have done big things are those who were not afraid to attempt big things, who were not afraid to risk failure in order to gain success.† I chose this ambitious project for the same  ­reasons I climbed the Welsh gorge, left home for boarding school, signed up as a novice for rugby, and pursued honors in science: I am not content with the minimum and must go further no  ­matter what.

Analytical Summaries free essay sample

Please read all instructions before beginning the assignment so you do not miss any grading components. The completed tutorial should be posted no later than NOON on Sunday November 20th. Analytical Summaries For this assignment, you will compose two short critical essays explaining and evaluating arguments by other authors. This assignment allows you to analyze an issue from a variety of perspectives and assess arguments for or against the issue. By focusing your attention on how the original authors use evidence and reasoning to construct and support their positions, you can recognize the value of critical thinking in public discourse.Compare the language used to depict direct experimentation, after-the-fact evidence, and values questions. Article 1 Predictive Probes by Jerry E. Bishop Several years ago, Nancy Wexler’s mother died of Huntington’s disease, a hereditary and always-fatal affliction that strikes in midlife. Since then, Ms. Wexler, the 38-year-old president of the Hereditary Diseases Foundation in Santa Monica, Calif. We will write a custom essay sample on Analytical Summaries or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page , has lived with the uncertainty of whether she, too, inherited the deadly gene. That uncertainty may soon be resolved.A few months ago, scientists announced they were on the verge of completing a new test to detect the gene for Huntington’s disease (formerly called Huntington’s chorea). But deciding whether to submit herself to the test is an anguishing choice for Ms. Wexler. â€Å"If I came out lucky, taking the test would be terrific, of course,† she says. â€Å"But if I came out unlucky, well †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her dilemma is an extreme example of the kind thousands of Americans will face in the not-too-distant future as scientists learn how to pinpoint genes that cause or predispose a person to a future illness.The test to detect the Huntington’s disease gene should be ready within one to two years. Researchers already have detected some of the genes that can lead to premature heart attacks and, in the near future, hope to spot those that could predispose a person to breast or colon cancer. Eventually, scientists believe they will be able to detect genes leading to diabetes, depression, schizophrenia and the premature senility called Alzheimer’s disease. â€Å"Extraordinary Power. † â€Å"This new technology has an extraordinary power to predict any disease where there is any kind of genetic influence,† Ms.Wexler says. â€Å"Instead of looking in a crystal ball to see your future, you’ll look in your genes. † Doctors long have been able to crudely predict a person’s future illness. By studying disease patterns, for example, they can say that heavy cigarette smokers have 10 times the risk of developing lung cancer as nonsmokers and that middle-aged men with high blood cholesterol levels have higher-than-normal risk of heart attacks. Geneticists also look at family medical pedigrees to determine the chances of children inheriting any of the 3,000 known genetic disorders. But such predictions are similar to casino odds. Doctors can’t predict which smokers will actually develop lung cancer, which individual will have a premature heart attack or which child actually inherited a defective gene. Genetic probes, however, will change predictive medicine. The probes are synthetic versions of genes that cause disease. Tossed into a test tube with a small sample of a person’s own genetic material—his DNA—the probes cling to and identify their natural counterparts. â€Å"Raft of Questions. †Proponents of predictive medicine cite its potentially tremendous benefit in that it will allow, in some instances, people to take preventive measures to ward off certain illnesses. â€Å"But it also raises a raft of questions on almost every level—social, psychological, personal, legal and ethical,† says Ms. Wexler, a psychologist who has specialized in the problems of victims of genetic diseases. Such problems range from how and when to tell a seemingly healthy person he or she has a gene for a possibly fatal disease to whether employers, insurance companies, or even the government should know a person carries such a gene.Nowhere are the social and ethical questions surrounding genetic probes more apparent than in the case of Huntington’s disease. Although the disease is caused by inheritance of a mutant gene, the symptoms usually don’t show up until between ages 30 and 50. The disease is characterized by slow but steady mental deterioration that begins with moodiness and ends fatally with severe mental illness. One tragedy is that carriers of the fatal gene often don’t know their condition before having children of their ow n. Children whose parents are known carriers grow up haunted by the 50% probability that they, too, carry the gene.Late last year, however, a team of scientists from several institutions reported making a breakthrough that will lead to a test for the Huntington’s disease gene. With the aid of experimental genetic probes, James F. Gusella, a doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital, and his colleagues studied the genes of 135 members of a large family in Venezuela that is plagued by Huntington’s disease. While the team didn’t find the gene itself, they did discover an unusual genetic variation that seems to accompany the mysterious gene when it is passed along.Hence, it might serve as a â€Å"marker† for the Huntington disease gene. Preparing for Problems. Dr. Gusella and Integrated Genetics, Inc. , a small biotechnology company he works with, are sifting through genes of Huntington’s-disease families looking for a second genetic marker, which would make the test more than 99% accurate. They then must confirm the mutant gene as the only cause of Huntington’s disease, meaning the test probably won’t be available for a year or two. Researchers, however, already are preparing for problems the test will create.

Statistics from the War on Drugs Tell a Story

Statistics from the War on Drugs Tell a Story In 1971, President Richard Nixon first declared a national â€Å"war on drugs,† and greatly increased the size and authority of federal government drug control agencies. Since 1988, the U.S. war against illegal drugs has been coordinated by the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP). The director of the ONDCP plays the real-life role of Americas Drug Czar. Created by the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, the ONDCP advises the President of the United States on drug-control issues, coordinates drug-control activities and related funding across the Federal government, and produces the annual National Drug Control Strategy, which outlines Administration efforts to reduce illicit drug use, manufacturing and trafficking, drug-related crime and violence, and drug-related health consequences. Under the coordination of the ONDCP, the following federal agencies play key enforcement and advisory roles in the War on Drugs: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services AdministrationFederal Bureau of InvestigationBureau of Justice AssistanceDrug Enforcement AgencyUnited States Customs and Border ProtectionNational Institute on Drug AbuseU.S. Coast Guard Are We Winning? Today, as drug abusers continue to flood America’s prisons and violent drug crimes devastate neighborhoods, many people criticize the effectiveness of War on Drugs. However, actual statistics suggest that without the War on Drugs, the problem may be even worse. For example, during fiscal year 2015, Customs and Border Protection alone reported seizing: 135,943 pounds of cocaine;2,015 pounds of heroin;6,135 pounds of methamphetamine; and4,330,475 (Yes, 4.3 million) pounds of marijuana. During fiscal year 2014, the Drug Enforcement Agency seized: 74,450 pounds of cocaine;2, 248 pounds of heroin;6,494 pounds of methamphetamine; and163,638 pounds of marijuana. (The discrepancy in marijuana seizures is attributable to the fact that Customs and Border Protection has the main responsibility for intercepting the drug as it flows into the U.S. from Mexico.) In addition, the ONDCP reported that during 1997, U.S. law enforcement agencies seized an estimated $512 million in illegal drug trade-related cash and property. So does the seizure of 2,360 tons of illegal drugs by two federal agencies in just two years indicate the success or utter futility of the War on Drugs? Despite the volume of drugs seized, the Federal Bureau of Investigation reported an estimated 1,841,200 state and local arrests for drug abuse violations in the United States during 2007. But whether the War on Drugs has been a smashing success or a dismal failure, it has been expensive. Funding the War In fiscal year 1985, the annual federal budget allocated $1.5 billion to fighting illegal drug use, trafficking and drug-related crime. By fiscal year 2000, that figure had increased to $17.7 billion, increasing by almost $3.3 billion per year. Jump to fiscal year 2016, when President Obama’s budget included $27.6 billion to support the National Drug Control Strategy, an increase of $1.2 billion (4.7%) above fiscal year 2015 funding. In February 2015, U.S. Drug Czar and director of the Obama administration’s ONDCP Michael Botticelli attempted to justify the expenditure in his confirmation address to the Senate. â€Å"Earlier this month, President Obama in his 2016 Budget requested historic levels of funding including $133 million in new funds to address the opioid misuse epidemic in the U.S. Using a public health framework as its foundation, our strategy also acknowledges the vital role that federal state and local law enforcement play in reducing the availability of drugs another risk factor for drug use,† said Botticelli. â€Å"It underscores the vital importance of primary prevention in stopping drug use before it ever begins by funding prevention efforts across the country.† Botticelli added that the expenditure was intended to remove the â€Å"systemic challenges† that had historically held back progress in the War on Drugs: Over-criminalization of illegal drug use;lack of integration with mainstream medical care;lack of insurance coverage for drug abuse treatment; andlegal barriers that make it difficult for people once involved with the criminal justice system to rebuild their lives. A recovering alcoholic himself, Botticelli urged the millions of Americans in substance abuse recovery to â€Å"come out† and demand to be treated like people with non-abuse related chronic diseases. â€Å"By putting faces and voices to the disease of addiction and the promise of recovery, we can lift the curtain of conventional wisdom that continues to keep too many of us hidden and without access to lifesaving treatment,† he said.

Advertising and Promotion in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Advertising and Promotion in Business - Essay Example Marketing Communications creates and oversees interfaces with press/news, e.g., calendars press meetings, deals with a publication logbook to arrange situations, and so on. Marketing Promotion then again is the improvement of particular advancements to offer items, hold customers, and get new customers. Marketing Promotion processes make the special battles and advertising to achieve the business sector, customers and channels. They create the crusades and security, whether standard mail, daily paper advertisement, and so on. Marketing Promotion processes work with all different processes of Marketing, Sales and Offer, Brand Management, Market Research and Advertising Management to plan marketing advancements and advertising, to focus exchange show interest and vicinity, to help item presentations, and so forth. One of the key parts of these processes is to position the item in the business, particularly versus aggressive items (Process Type Marketing Communications & Promotion, n.d.). EACA: The European Association of Communication Agencies; the mission of EACA is to symbolize the media and full administration advertising organizations and organization affiliation all around the Europe. The primary intention is to advertise successful and genuine advertising, exclusive expectations and expert advertising and consciousness of advertising in free economy market. It additionally helps to energize the nearby relationship and co-operation among media, offices and promoter. PMC: The Promotional Marketing Council; the principle targets of PMC are to serve deals advancement industry in their improvement all around Europe, help to keep up the expert picture for the business, it likewise support to advertise quality by giving yearly container European honors to industry and additionally supports the organizations for cross-outskirt notice and special action to the deals and comprehension the need of diverse

Process and Change Managment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Process and Change Managment - Research Paper Example This continuous change has affected the relationship status of people with places, things, ideas, organization and other people. These changes require new adaptability level for organizations and individuals. 2.2 Business process reengineering In the current business environment, global organizations are going through a change which is continuous and rapid. Increasingly driven by competition, consumers and change, companies are vigorously trying new ways in order to make their business and organizations more competitive and effective. Companies are evaluating and analyzing their current structures, goals and systems in order to find out new and more efficient solutions to their business issues. A new era came into existence, when high profile organizations such as Taco Bell and IBM came up with an extraordinary solution to improve their present condition. This solution was business process reengineering. This solution then became a rage and was followed by many others such as Hallmar k which totally re-engineered its process of new-product development and Kodak, who went on to reengineer its black and white process of film manufacturing (Hindle, 2008). BPR was regarded a novel approach for organizational and corporate change and since then, it is quite popular. During the early 19th century, the concept of reengineering was first developed. After examining the way information technology affected the business process, it was renamed as business process reengineering (Sturdy, 2010). BPR was then described as radical redesign and fundamental rethinking of business process with the objective of achieving dramatic improvements in contemporary and critical performance measures such as quality, cost, speed and service. 2.3 Challenges... This paper approves that in the current business environment, global organizations are going through a change which is continuous and rapid. Increasingly driven by competition, consumers and change, companies are vigorously trying new ways in order to make their business and organizations more competitive and effective. Companies are evaluating and analyzing their current structures, goals and systems in order to find out new and more efficient solutions to their business issues. Even though BPR has been recognized for its effective and quick recovery strategies, there are many challenges during its implementations. This essay makes a conclusion that In the current study, one of the most recognized concepts â€Å"Business Process Reengineering (BPR) has been evaluated as a tool for change management. BPR has been recognized as an effective approach to management which is applied and adopted widely by organizations for successful and effective results. Support and commitment are important factors for success in BPR projects. Support of top management in terms of resources, capital and leadership for project life is essential which otherwise will weaken the projects and its success chances. Proper communication and teamwork are also vital for successful BPR applications. Apart from the above factors a BPR project will be successful if it is conducted according to the overall strategy of the organization. If the company strategy and BPR projects do not complement each other, the business will only achieve gains which are short term and will lose chances of long term improvements in performance.

ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS - Essay Example Moreover, the tax expense figure provided in the consolidated income statement was $10.704mn. (a) The author of the journal article performed a statistical method which involved recalculation of earnings per share after reviewing 489,000 quarterly reports of 22,000 companies. They recalculated EPS to 1/10 of a cent instead of keeping it in penny. By doing so they found out that the occurrence of the three digits including 2, 3, or 4 in this format was significantly low as compared to other digits which raised doubts as each of these digits should have appeared 10% of the time (Thurm, 2010). (c) It has been indicated that adjustments are made to valuation of inventory or they are done in the form of assessment by the companies regarding the proportion of accounts receivables which they expect not to collect and therefore is recorded as bad debts. These are examples of ways in which companies can report higher earnings. It could therefore be stated that these adjustments are subjective to the assessment and consideration of factors by companies and those who are analyzing the accounts. However, if reasonable basis for justifying these estimates are made by companies then such steps are not considered illegal. (d) When companies are required to prepare earnings restatement reports when their previous published financial statements are found to contain errors, omissions, or misstatements. From the article it could be indicated that the authors of the article through their methods found that those companies were informed to restate their earnings or were alleged for accounting violations which had low number of occurrence of digit 4 in the 1/10th place. Such companies could therefore be considered as the ones which are involved in rounding off their earnings figure. (e) From the article it can be understood that the authors are of the view that even a single penny difference in the reported EPS can have impact on the

Working In Brick Factories Children And Young People Essay

Working In Brick Factories Children And Young People Essay 1. Background Bricks are seen as a part of Nepalese art and architecture from the very beginning. Old Nepalese temples are the testimonial of long history of brick production and its various uses. Archaeologists have the opinion that production of bricks started in Kathmandu valley and spread to other parts of the country as the oldest monument and temples here are constructed using bricks. The excavation of Lumbini contains remnants of old buildings which tell that the history of brick manufacturing dates more than three thousand years back. Usually when there was no technology to fire the bricks, raw and sun-dried bricks were used. Some old houses of Kathmandu valley are still seen to make houses using raw bricks. Increasing urbanization within the valley has fueled a growing construction industry and soaring demand for bricks. Even though the history of brick production is very long, the mode of production and working environment is as worse as ever. Despite investment on this industry is very large, brick industry still falls under small/cottage industry group. Work in brick factory is time bound and seasonal, starting from October through May, until the monsoon season. Brick kiln work is usually easy to find and there is no need for specialized training or education. Hence, brick factories attract a lot of unskilled workers. These seasonal laborers represent a cross section of the most disadvantaged groups in Nepal internally displaced by armed conflict, natural disasters victims, landless and having no source of income to survive in their home village, or those looking for seasonal employment. Others include women and children who face domestic violence and harassment. Extreme poverty and marginalized caste status have denied them access to education and healthcare, and made these women and children vulnerable to exploitation and trafficking. Rampant poverty and lesser work opportunities in the countryside compel the poor to migrate to far off places and do menial labor in meager wages. Child labor remains a major economic and social phenomenon in Nepal. Children of brick kiln workers usually accompany their parents to the factories and are compelled to help their parents due to the cash incentive, which help them and their families for hand to mouth existence. Most of the displaced children work in brick factories; stone quarries, coalmines and majority of them are aged 11-13. These children work in the worst conditions imaginable and face serious risk of injury, chronic illness or even death. There are 700 brick kilns in Nepal and the number is highest in Kathmandu valley. Out of 176, 250 kiln workers, 59,925 are estimated to be children. Among these children, 21 percent belong to the socially marginalized castes and 74 percent are economic migrants from different districts.  [i]  Children working in the brick factories in the valley are a mix of different castes. These children along with their families migrate seasonally from remote communities like Lalitpur, Makwanpur, Rolpa, Sarlahi, Kavre, Ramechhap and Sindhuli.  [ii]  According to the 2011 survey, 32% of total brick factory work forces were child laborers. Among them, 54.2% were girls while 45.8% were boys. 59.6% were below ten years of age, 36.6% belonged to 11-14 years and 3.7% were older than 14 years.  [iii]   Unobserved by the outside world these children miss their education damaging their future prospects. Also, taking a day off to rest means not earning enough to eat, so health problems escalate as sick or injured children continue working putting themselves at risk of long-term debilitation. Hence, we need some sustainable plan of action to mitigate these problems and prevail practice of employing children in such hazardous work places should be prohibited. In 2003, the literacy rate of the Nepalese population above 15 years of age was 45.2%. One of the most effective ways to combat child labor is to change misunderstanding from within. This can only be done through education. Education acts not only as means to develop the minds of children, but also as a foundation for social change. 2. Introduction Powerful Hands, a non-profit organization was established in 2011, led by a group of young and energetic youths from various educational and career backgrounds. This organization works with a belief that it is not necessary to do different things but do things differently under the upcoming issues related to Environment, Health and Education. Powerful Hands, significantly works in the field of education and environment for sustainable development, Powerful Hands in collaboration with Aastha Foundation, another non-profit organization with a mission to advocate for the rights of women and children have incepted this project to educate children working in brick factories. 3. Aim Reduce repetition and dropout rate by giving education continuity for children who migrate seasonally to work in brick factories 4. Objectives To create opportunities for continuing education for children (7 to 16 years of age) of brick industry workers during their seasonal migration to Nepal To create awareness on the importance of education. To reduce child labor. To promote education and awareness among brick industry workers on health and sanitation To motivate children to take up and continue formal education 5. Target Groups The poorest of the poor join the brick factory in November. This is when the land is dry and suitable for brick production. The children arrive with their entire family. The children either look after the younger ones and take care of the household or join as laborers. The kilns do not provide for basic needs such as shelter, food, education or medical services. As a result the families live in makeshift shelters: small huts made out of unfired bricks or iron sheets. As brick kilns can usually be found in rural areas, with no proper road access, and far away from shops, schools, and hospitals, life at the kiln is a struggle for survival. The project expects to cover 9 brick factories situated in Harisiddhi VDC where 300-400 children work as laborers. These children will be divided in different groups according to their age and grades. The younger ones will be given basic education who are about the age to join school. The rest who are school dropouts will continue their education, so that they can sit for the exam and are promoted to higher classes. 6. Working area About 8km far from the capital of Nepal, on the way to southeast Godawari forest, there is a historical village named Harisiddhi Village where surname Maharjan of Newar caste is lived most. Goddess Harsiddhi, whose 4-storied temple is situated in the middle of the village, names this village. The word Harisiddhi is by mistakenly used. Actually, it should be Hara (Shiva) and Siddhi (Parbati) or Harasiddhi that indicates a half of body is Shiva and the remaining half is Parbati or the attribute of ShivaParbati. According to the Hindu Econography goddess Harsiddhi has 4 hands with Damaru, Kamandalu, Khadga and Kalash. The origin of this goddess is Ujjain India. This village is about 4400ft high from the sea level. Its latitude is 270 38 north and longitude is 850 21 east and the temperature is between 20C 340C. This village is surrounded by Godawari Stream in the east and Kodku Stream in the west. Most of the land in this village is plain and because of fertile soil, the crops are very good here. There is Siddipur VDC in the east, Dhapakhel VDC in the west, Thaiba VDC in the south and Imadol VDC lies in the northern part of this village. 7. Project Details The name of the project will be Shiksha Sadan, an Educational School. This school will be opened in the project site for easy access to the children. Though, the project targets to give formal education to the children it will be an informal type of teaching as they are already affiliated with some of the schools in their villages. The project has targeted children aged 7 to 16, as this will be the right age to start and finish school. Motivational factors: The project will have numerous edutainment activities to make learning easy and fun. Children will be provided lunch after their study hours. For each class, Ayahs will be responsible to take care of the children. Two of the staff members will be appointed in the project site and a teacher will be hired to teach everyday except on holidays. The project foresees to continue the program as far as the brick factory endures where number of children work day and night. The insight of the project is not only to educate children but also to teach them to use soap to wash their hands, brush their teeth twice a day, take bath, use latrine to keep them healthy and fit. A medical person will check their health at least once a week and proper medicines will be prescribed. The findings from the project site are attached. (See Annex I) Holistic approach 8. Outcomes: Lessen repetition and dropout rates of students. Create awareness on importance of education to reduce illiteracy rate. Minimize rate of Child labor Motivate to live healthy lives 9. Strategies and Activities Proposed Steps Conduct Rapid Assessment of number of children in the working area Conduct classes as per their age and grades Organize free check-ups for the children as well as their parents Organize interactive meetings with stake holders (laborers, contractors, brick kiln managers, community leaders, labor union, representatives from government including District Development Committee etc. Define main needs and interventions Establish services and monitoring and evaluation systems Create awareness and exposure at the local, provincial and national level and ensure legal welfare rights for the children. Need of advocacy The conditions of working children are largely unknown to the public. The brick kilns operate without monitoring, far away from urban centers. Since many of the brick kiln workers are laborers the priority intervention should be advocacy for ending this. By creating a presence at the brick kilns throughout the season we can at least monitor and evaluate human rights abuses and together with other organizations lobby for permanent solutions to the problems. c) Educational needs of children It is not convincing to send the children to school, as their families need extra support and money. Establishing Siksha Sadan in the region will serve different purposes, such as education, health check-ups and awareness on health and sanitation. Siksha Sadan provides a secure and fun environment for children. Siksha Sadan prepares children for formal education and helps develop socio-emotional and cognitive skills. This project will also work as a shelter for children. The children will stay there from their work to learn, eat and rest. The very young children will be take care of by the Ayahs. 10. Project Management a) Human Resource Siksha Sadan will hire local teachers from Harisiddhi VDC. The teachers, who volunteer, will be trained by one of the teacher trainers to make the program effective and successful. They will work throughout the project time. The support staff will help them and hired Ayahs will assist them. The classes will be conducted as per Nepal Governments policy. b) Project Timeline The project will be initiated from November till May. The project will be inactive from June to October. During off-season Powerful Hands and Aastha Foundation will prepare reports and budget for next season to give continuity. c) Project Budget The project budget is designed according to the plan of the project for six months, each year. The budget report will be presented every after completion of project activities. The project budget is attached with this concept letter (See Annex II) d) Monitoring and Evaluation The tools for monitoring and evaluation will be developed in order to monitor project activities each year. It is important to monitor and evaluate the project to ensure that the target groups have benefitted from the project so that each year the children go back home and prepare for their examinations. Annex I Findings from the survey During seasonal migration, children who come with their parents cannot continue their studies. Children migrate with their families to earn money in brick factories. Some of the children are admitted in schools and some are not. Most of the students repeat classes and some students fail to get promoted, as they do not attend classes. Most of the parents are uneducated and illiterate and do not value education. They feel that their children need to work in order to earn money and support the family. Although, one center is working in the area, it is difficult to give continuity because it is seasonal and after six months the workers leave for their homes. The factory owners have sent the children to school at Harisiddhi, but the children were not regular because the parents felt going to school was very far and they did not want them to go alone. The parents want their children in front of them working and earning money. In fact, children love to work with their parents rather than study. They get paid well working on daily wages. The parents are happy to make their children work for money despite of their age. If any kinds of accidents are encountered, the community leaders demand money; from which the diseased get only a few percentage and the rest will be kept by them. To avoid such losses, factory owners want children to go to school or attend informal education classes. During the survey, the owners of brick factory raised questions like whether it is possible to guarantee the safety of children, facility of pick up and drop, to place education center nearby, how well the parents are convinced and motivated etc. It can be analyzed that the factory are not sure whether the children will participate in the program. It is very clear that the family needs to be convinced to send their children or not.

Second World War Essay -- American History Great Powers Essays

Second World War My generation has already witnessed a day of infamy, less than two short years ago (or so CNN tells us). My grandfather would remember a different day, a morning marked by another surprise attack on America. That ambush, said Japanese General Yamamoto, awakened a â€Å"sleeping giant.† Analysis of American foreign policy begs the question: what if the giant had spurned its peaceful slumber? Instead, the behemoth could have chosen to lumber about. Odds are that the footsteps would not have fallen lightly, the reverberations spreading across the globe- all this, only had Wilsonians been at the helm of American foreign policy. The Jacksonian tradition steered the United States to victory in the Second World War. Once lulled from the comfort of its isolationism, the Americans sealed the fate of the Axis powers. But had the Wilsonian tradition, a formidable current here at Swarthmore and among today’s democrats, directed American foreign policy leading up to and during the war, it seems likely that history would tell a different tale. As it stood in 1941, the United States was undoubtedly entrenched in the Jacksonian camp (here at Swarthmore, I can count their sympathizers on one hand). Jacksonian policies of the United States in the 1930s and 1940s proved decisive for the Allied victory, yet reflection on a reorientation of these policies toward the Wilsonian camp reveals that the Second World War could have been avoided. In this context, German domestic and foreign policy- a brutish, perverted mix of the Jacksonian and Wilsonian traditions- will then be discussed. An understanding of the Jacksonian doctrine clarifies the reasoning of the United States leading up to the war. This tradition was, and remains, stron... ...h: do we really want to provoke the Jacksonians of this world? Works Cited Bell, P.M.H. The Origins of the Second World War in Europe. 2nd edition. NewYork: Longman, 1997. Cà ©saire, Aimà ©. "Discourse on Colonialism." Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory. Ed. Patrick Williams and Laura Chrisman. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994. Kennedy, Paul. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers. New York: Random House,1987. Kindleberger, Charles P. The World in Depression 1929-1939. 1973. Kurth, James. "The American Way of Victory: A Twentieth-Century Trilogy," The National Interest, Summer 2000, pp. 5-16. Kurth, James. â€Å"War, Peace, and the Ideologies of the Twentieth Century,† Current History, January 1999, pp.3-8. Mead, Walter Russell. "The Jacksonian Tradition and American Foreign Policy," The National Interest, Winter 1999/2000, pp. 5-29.